What is the primary purpose of a base coat in nail application?

The primary purpose of a base coat in nail application is to protect the natural nail and improve the adhesion of polish. The base coat serves as a barrier between the nail and the colored polish, which helps to prevent staining from pigments and other ingredients found in nail colors. By creating a smooth and even surface, the base coat enhances the longevity of the nail polish, allowing it to adhere better and reducing the likelihood of chipping or peeling. Additionally, this protective layer can help maintain the health of the natural nail underneath, as it lessens the direct exposure to potentially damaging color products.