Which is the living tissue that grows up to the base of the nail plate?

The living tissue that grows up to the base of the nail plate is the eponychium. The eponychium is a thin layer of tissue located at the proximal edge of the nail plate, often referred to as the "cuticle." However, it's specifically defined as the tissue that covers the nail matrix, where new nail cells are produced. This barrier serves to protect the underlying matrix from pathogens and external damage. Understanding the role of the eponychium is important for proper nail care and maintenance, as it helps in protecting the nail's growth area.

The cuticle, which is sometimes confused with the eponychium, is actually the dead tissue that is found on the surface of the eponychium and does not actively grow. Meanwhile, the nail bed refers to the skin underneath the nail plate, and the nail fold consists of the surrounding skin that supports the nail. The distinction between these terms is crucial for anyone studying nail anatomy or pursuing a career in manicuring.